Research context and placement

Public PDF Raman/electrical results support energy-dependent graphene-defect research, not a deformable-routing interface demonstration. Retain routing materials foundations.

Boundary case: assigned to the closest interface for navigation. Read the rationale and cross-links together; the primary theme does not delimit the study. Placement of foundational work does not establish direct bioelectronic application.

Research overview and key contributions

At fixed fluence, changing proton energy produced different graphene defect signals and transistor responses.

The study connects Raman defect types and electrical measurements with energy-transfer calculations.

AI-generated, not-to-scale concept linking proton irradiation, symbolic defect sites in graphene, and Raman/electrical characterization. Lattice, defect, lens and voltmeter drawings are role symbols; they do not reconstruct atomic defect structures, an actual optical setup, two-terminal measurement wiring, measured voltages or experimental results.
AI-generated concept diagram · not an experimental image

AI-generated, not-to-scale concept linking proton irradiation, symbolic defect sites in graphene, and Raman/electrical characterization. Lattice, defect, lens and voltmeter drawings are role symbols; they do not reconstruct atomic defect structures, an actual optical setup, two-terminal measurement wiring, measured voltages or experimental results.

Bounded to selected sections of the author-hosted public PDF: abstract, Raman/electrical results, energy-transfer discussion and conclusion. The number and shape of defect marks are not measurements and imply no energy-specific defect counts, Raman peaks, transistor curves, damage ranking or safety outcome.

This is not a reproduced paper figure and does not establish permission to reuse the original figure.

Generated in ChatGPT on the web from concepts within the stated public-evidence scope and independently reviewed as a concept. This is not verification of the complete article body or supplementary information. Only display WebP encoding was applied, without cropping, resizing or content editing.

Source paper ↗ · DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2015.03.107 ↗

Open challenges

The body leaves the precise origin of high-energy Dirac-region flattening unresolved.

Comparison context

Match energy, fluence, SiO₂ support, layer count, post-exposure delay and Raman normalization.

Related external research

Mega-electron-volt proton irradiation on supported and suspended graphene: A Raman spectroscopic layer dependent study

DOI: 10.1063/1.3647781 ↗

The external abstract varies support and layer count at a fixed MeV energy, complementing #26’s energy-dependent comparison.

Energy, support, layer count and fluence differ; defect signals cannot be ranked as an identical damage measure.

Abstract checked

Corresponding-author verification

Jungmok Seo: not a corresponding author

This record concerns Jungmok Seo’s correspondence designation. Author order or an asterisk alone is not treated as confirmation; this check is separate from verification of the research content.

  • Correspondence evidence source ↗

    Corresponding author; E-mail address: [omitted] (T. Lee).

    PDF p.1; author/correspondence information · publisher_PDF_publicly_hosted_by_author_institution

Main-text review scope
The existing commentary is based on the following review: After publisher retrieval failed, the author-hosted abstract and Raman, electrical and energy-transfer sections were read. Reading figure and correspondence information in this pass does not establish completion of a full in-depth article review.
Pending verification
Check substrate contributions, defect interpretation and original-figure rights in school Chrome. The existing commentary is based on the following review: After publisher retrieval failed, the author-hosted abstract and Raman, electrical and energy-transfer sections were read. Reading figure and correspondence information in this pass does not establish completion of a full in-depth article review.

COVERAGE & OUTREACH

Coverage and outreach

Links are checked for their relationship to this paper. Media publication does not establish independent reporting or additional experimental validation.

Channel coverage and search log for all 101 records →

Sources and verification scope

After publisher retrieval failed, the author-hosted abstract and Raman, electrical and energy-transfer sections were read.

  • Public publication baseline ↗ · #26 · 2026-10-03
  • Crossref metadata ↗: Only public bibliographic metadata registered with Crossref was checked. This does not mean that the publisher page, abstract, or full text was read; full-text verification in the school Chrome session remains pending. license_urls lists registered links and does not establish permission to redistribute text or figures. It may include TDM or posting-policy links.
  • ScienceDirect publisher abstract ↗
    retrieval_failed · Web retrieval: Internal Error; no abstract returned; checked 2026-10-03
  • Author-hosted published Applied Surface Science article ↗
    public_author_hosted_pdf_selected_sections · PDF pp.1–4: abstract, Raman/electrical results, energy-transfer discussion and conclusion; DOI confirmed; checked 2026-10-03