Research context and placement

This broader review addresses piezoelectric antibacterial platforms and host safety. It includes implant coatings, but not every case is a device–host interface, so the mapping remains qualified.

Boundary case: assigned to the closest interface for navigation. Read the rationale and cross-links together; the primary theme does not delimit the study. Placement of foundational work does not establish direct bioelectronic application.

Research overview and key contributions

This review connects multimodal energy and AI with piezoelectric antibacterial platforms.

It relates structural design, charge separation and external stimulation to wounds, implants and localized infections.

Concentric overview linking energy inputs and piezoelectric operation with antibacterial mechanisms, material design, applications and AI.
Scheme 1 · Original paper figure

Review overview linking materials, operating principles and applications of multimodal-energy-driven piezoelectric antibacterial platforms.

Jiaqi Liu, Jun Li, Huiyan Sun et al.. “Intelligent multimodal-energy-driven piezoelectric antibacterial platforms: From structural control to system-level diagnosis”. Scheme 1. DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2026.103299. CC BY 4.0. Public original image copied byte-for-byte, with no resizing, cropping, annotations or re-encoding.

Source figure and caption ↗ · DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2026.103299 ↗ · CC BY 4.0 ↗

Open challenges

Authors highlight stability, biosafety and scaling; the review does not establish clinical utility of AI.

Comparison context

Editorial comparison conditions: match pathogens, energy dose/exposure, anatomical site, controls and host-toxicity assessment.

Related external research

Heterostructured piezocatalytic nanoparticles with enhanced ultrasound response for efficient repair of infectious bone defects

DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.10.006 ↗

Ultrasound-responsive Se@BTO links charge separation with infected-bone repair in an experimental example.

A rat infected-bone study does not validate a multimodal-energy or AI system.

Abstract checked

Corresponding-author verification

Jungmok Seo: not a corresponding author

This record concerns Jungmok Seo’s correspondence designation. Author order or an asterisk alone is not treated as confirmation; this check is separate from verification of the research content.

  • Correspondence evidence source ↗

    Yanmei Zhang → cor1; Yunlong Yu → cor2; Corresponding author.

    front/article-meta/contrib-group and author-notes; name-to-corresp reference and email · public_repository_xml_read

Main-text review scope
The PubMed abstract was read via Europe PMC API. Publisher failure and a PMC browser check prevented full-text review.
Supplementary review scope
Supplementary-information content was not read in this batch. No completed review beyond the previously stated scope is claimed.
Pending verification
Check mechanism tables, cited studies and AI validation conditions for DOI 10.1016/j.mtbio.2026.103299 in school Chrome.

COVERAGE & OUTREACH

Coverage and outreach

Links are checked for their relationship to this paper. Media publication does not establish independent reporting or additional experimental validation.

No related outreach link was verified against its body within these searches. This does not establish that none exists.

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Sources and verification scope

The PubMed abstract was read via Europe PMC API. Publisher failure and a PMC browser check prevented full-text review.